Solutions that soften, swell, or expand the cuticle scales typically have what type of pH level?

Solutions that soften, swell, or expand the cuticle scales typically have an alkaline pH level. This is due to the nature of the cuticle, which is the outermost layer of the hair shaft. Alkaline solutions raise the pH, causing the cuticle scales to lift and separate. This reaction enables better penetration of hair color, conditioners, or other treatments, making them more effective.

Alkaline conditions are essential in many chemical processes in hair treatments, such as relaxing, perming, or coloring. The lifted cuticle allows for increased absorption of these solutions, leading to desired outcomes like enhanced coloration or improved conditioning.

A neutral pH level would maintain the hair's natural state without causing any lifting or swelling of the cuticle. Acidic solutions, while beneficial for closing the cuticle and adding shine, do not facilitate the swelling or softening process required for certain treatments. High alkaline pH levels intensify the effects of alkalinity but can be harsher on the hair if not balanced properly, leading to potential damage.